The report demonstrates that these violations were not isolated incidents, but part of a systematic pattern practiced by various parties to the conflict to varying degrees, amid a lack of accountability and ongoing impunity. It also reflects the decline of independent media, growing fragmentation, and the erosion of professional solidarity within the media sector.<\/p>\n
The report found that the Yemen\u2019 IRG was the leading perpetrator of media freedom violations during 2025, followed by Ansar Allah (the Houthis), and then authorities affiliated with the dissolved Southern Transitional Council (STC). This does not indicate a lower level of violations in Houthi-controlled areas; rather, it reflects the group\u2019s tight security grip over journalists and citizens alike, effectively turning those areas into near-closed media environments.<\/p>\n
The report clarifies that the IRG of Yemen committed the highest number of media freedom violations during 2025, followed by the Ansar Allah group (Houthis) and then authorities affiliated with the Southern Transitional Council (STC). This does not indicate a decrease in the volume of violations in Houthi-controlled areas; rather, it reflects the severe security grip the group maintains over both journalists and citizens, effectively turning those regions into media-tight environments.<\/p>\n
To provide a clearer picture, the cumulative data for the period between 2015 and 2025 shows that Marsadak documented a total of 2,675 violations. The Ansar Allah group (Houthis) topped the list of violators with 1,894 violations, followed by the Yemen\u2019 IRG with 284 violations. Additionally, 101 violations were attributed to the Southern Transitional Council, 37 violations were committed by the Saudi-led\u00a0 Coalition, and 28 violations were attributed to Al-Qaeda. Conversely, 118 violations were documented against unknown parties, while 213 violations were committed by influential figures, individuals, and other unidentified entities.<\/p>\n
The report concludes that the continued targeting of journalists, combined with the absence of accountability and the weakness of an independent and fair judiciary, poses a direct threat to freedom of opinion and expression in Yemen. It undermines society\u2019s right to access information and makes 2025 a pivotal year requiring serious international engagement, as well as urgent legal and institutional reforms to ensure the protection of journalists and end systematic abuses against them.<\/p>\n
This report is not intended merely as a statistical record. Rather, it seeks to provide a comprehensive reading of the media landscape in Yemen over a full year of violations, through pattern analysis, testimonies, and highlighting the human and societal impact of these practices. It aims to serve as both a documentary and analytical reference reflecting the reality faced by Yemeni journalists, and summarizing a media sector besieged by fear, burdened by restrictions, yet still striving to survive and endure despite immense challenges.<\/p>\n
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